Performance Evaluation of Uplink Cell-Free Massive MIMO Network Under Weichselberger Rician Fading Channel

Birhanu Dessie, Javed Shaikh (), Georgi Iliev, Maria Nenova, Umar Syed and K. Kiran Kumar
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Birhanu Dessie: School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia
Javed Shaikh: School of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia
Georgi Iliev: Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Maria Nenova: Faculty of Telecommunications, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Umar Syed: Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Malla Reddy Deemed to University, Hyderabad 500100, India
K. Kiran Kumar: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522302, India

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 14, 1-20

Abstract: Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF M-MIMO) is one of the most promising technologies for future wireless communication such as 5G and beyond fifth-generation (B5G) networks. It is a type of network technology that uses a massive number of distributed antennas to serve a large number of users at the same time. It has the ability to provide high spectral efficiency (SE) as well as improved coverage and interference management, compared to traditional cellular networks. However, estimating the channel with high-performance, low-cost computational methods is still a problem. Different algorithms have been developed to address these challenges in channel estimation. One of the high-performance channel estimators is a phase-aware minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator. This channel estimator has high computational complexity. To address the shortcomings of the existing estimator, this paper proposed an efficient phase-aware element-wise minimum mean square error (PA-EW-MMSE) channel estimator with QR decomposition and a precoding matrix at the user side. The closed form uplink (UL) SE with the phase MMSE and proposed estimators are evaluated using MMSE combining. The energy efficiency and area throughput are also calculated from the SE. The simulation results show that the proposed estimator achieved the best SE, EE, and area throughput performance with a substantial reduction in the complexity of the computation.

Keywords: access point; spectral efficiency; energy efficiency; throughput; phase-aware element-wise minimum mean square error; phase-aware minimum mean square error (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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