Highly Efficient and Light NTRU-Based Key Encapsulation Mechanisms with Small Moduli

Jing Fan, Bo-Yue Fang, Wei-Ze Wang, Neng-Hai Yu, Feng-Hua Li and Long Wang ()
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Jing Fan: Department of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Bo-Yue Fang: Department of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Wei-Ze Wang: Department of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Neng-Hai Yu: Department of Cyber Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Feng-Hua Li: Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
Long Wang: The 6th Research Institute of China Electronics Corporation, Beijing 100083, China

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 21, 1-11

Abstract: In this paper, we present CTRU-Light, an IND-CCA-secure key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) derived from NTRU and RLWE (and RLWR in variant) assumptions over power-of-two cyclotomic rings. Our CTRU-Light employs a compact NTT-compatible modulus q = 641 while maintaining minimal public key and ciphertext dimensions with negligible error probability. Specifically, the design yields public key and ciphertext sizes of 1206 bytes under an error probability bound of ≤ 2 − 110 . When benchmarked against Kyber (NIST’s sole standardized KEM), CTRU-Light demonstrates 23.0–30.0% lower bandwidth consumption, accelerates key generation by at least 6.0%, and achieves over 1.3× speed enhancement in both encapsulation and decapsulation procedures.

Keywords: lattice-based cryptography; post-quantum cryptography; key encapsulation mechanism; NTRU; compression strategy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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