A Novel Integrated Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process with a 4-Tuple Hedge Algebra Semantics for Assessing the Level of Digital Transformation of Enterprises

Nhu Van Kien, Hoang Van Thong, Nguyen Cat Ho and Luu Quoc Dat ()
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Nhu Van Kien: School of Information and Communications Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, 298 Cau Dien Street, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Hoang Van Thong: Faculty of Information Technology, University of Transport and Communications, Cau Giay Street, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Nguyen Cat Ho: Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Luu Quoc Dat: Faculty of Development Economics, University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 144 Xuan Thuy Street, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 21, 1-34

Abstract: Hedge algebra is a powerful and flexible tool for handling linguistic information, enabling precise quantitative computations and enhancing the effectiveness of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). This study proposes a novel integrated fuzzy MCDM approach that combines an enhanced fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (EFAHP) with a 4-tuple hedge algebra semantics model to assess digital transformation in retail enterprises. In this approach, the EFAHP method is integrated with hedge algebra to determine the priorities of pillars and criteria while providing a rigorous mathematical mechanism to transform ambiguous linguistic evaluations into numerical values. This transformation leverages the semantic structure of linguistic variable domains and incorporates fuzziness measures for both atomic words and intensity-modifying words (hedges). Furthermore, a new consistency index formula is introduced to evaluate the reliability of the EFAHP results, with validation being limited to the case study dataset. The 4-tuple hedge algebra semantic model is then employed to assess and rank the digital transformation levels of retail enterprises in Vietnam. Finally, a sensitivity analysis verifies the robustness of the proposed approach by illustrating how variations in pillar and criterion weights influence enterprise rankings.

Keywords: hedge algebra; 4-tuple semantic model; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process; multi-criteria decision-making; computing with words (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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