Identification of Industrial Occupational Safety Risks and Selection of Optimum Intervention Strategies: Fuzzy MCDM Approach

Gülay Demir, Mouhamed Bayane Bouraima, Ibrahim Badi, Željko Stević () and Dillip Kumar Das
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Gülay Demir: High School of Health Vocational Services, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Türkiye
Mouhamed Bayane Bouraima: Department of Civil Engineering, Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Deyang 618000, China
Ibrahim Badi: School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Libyan Academy, Misrata 2449, Libya
Željko Stević: Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, University of East Sarajevo, Doboj 74000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dillip Kumar Das: Sustainable Transportation Research Group, Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Kwazulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 2, 1-28

Abstract: Over 1.1 million deaths occur annually from workplace injuries and diseases, with higher risks in developing countries. Occupational safety studies commonly use quantitative or qualitative methods, but these often fail to address uncertainty. This research targets the Libyan Steel Company (LISCO), aiming to analyze safety risks and develop a structured approach to identify optimal risk mitigation strategies. To this end, the Fuzzy Weights by ENvelope and SLOpe (F-WENSLO) method was chosen to determine the weights of three main safety risks and a total of 18 sub-risks belonging to them, and the fuzzy Bonferroni mean aggregation operator is applied to synthesize expert opinions. The Fuzzy Alternative Ranking Technique based on Adaptive Standardized Intervals (F-ARTASI) method was used to identify and rank the most appropriate safety interventions. While the primary risks identified under the main criteria and sub-criteria are occupational diseases and noise-induced diseases, with weights of 0.4737 and 0.1313, respectively, the intervention strategy deemed most effective for enhancing occupational safety is behavioral safety programs, which hold a weight of 11.0341. The sensitivity test of the analysis results reveals that although the criteria weights and the parameters used in the analysis vary under various scenarios, the ranking of the alternatives remains consistent. Since the general ranking of the alternatives is the same in other methods, decision makers will reach similar results no matter which method they use. This shows that a flexible and reliable decision-making approach is adopted in the process of optimizing occupational safety risks. This research emphasizes the critical importance of prioritizing occupational diseases and natural hazards in the formulation of occupational safety strategies and thus aims to contribute to the protection of workers in industrial plants such as LISCO.

Keywords: occupational safety; fuzzy set; multi-criteria decision making; Bonferroni mean aggregation operator; WENSLO; ARTASI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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