Directional Handover Analysis with Stochastic Petri Net and Poisson Point Process in Heterogeneous Networks

Zhiyi Zhu (), Junjun Zheng, Eiji Takimoto, Patrick Finnerty and Chikara Ohta
Additional contact information
Zhiyi Zhu: Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe 6570013, Japan
Junjun Zheng: Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7390046, Japan
Eiji Takimoto: Information Technology Center, Nara Women’s University, Nara 6308263, Japan
Patrick Finnerty: Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe 6570013, Japan
Chikara Ohta: Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe 6570013, Japan

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 3, 1-28

Abstract: Handover is crucial for ensuring seamless connectivity in heterogeneous networks (HetNet) by enabling user equipment (UE) to switch its connection link between cells based on signal conditions. However, conventional analytical approaches ignored the distinctions between macro-cell to small-cell (M2S) and small-cell to macro-cell (S2M) scenarios during a handover decision-making process, which resulted in handover failures (HoF) or ping-pong handovers. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel framework, Do-SPN-PPP, that combines stochastic Petri net (SPN) and the Poisson point process (PPP) to quantitatively analyze M2S and S2M handover performance differences. The proposed framework also reveals and predicts how handover parameters affect UE residence time in a cell within the HetNet, and it exhibits a higher predictive accuracy compared with the traditional conventional analytical approach. In addition, the Monte Carlo simulation verified the Do-SPN-PPP framework, and the proposed framework exhibits a 96% reduction in computation time while maintaining a 95% confidence interval and 0.5% error tolerance compared with the simulation.

Keywords: HetNet; handover; decision making; handover failure; Poisson point process; stochastic Petri net (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/3/349/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/3/349/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:13:y:2025:i:3:p:349-:d:1573797

Access Statistics for this article

Mathematics is currently edited by Ms. Emma He

More articles in Mathematics from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().