A Generalized Framework for Analyzing Taxonomic, Phylogenetic, and Functional Community Structure Based on Presence–Absence Data

János Podani, Sandrine Pavoine and Carlo Ricotta
Additional contact information
János Podani: Department of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
Sandrine Pavoine: Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
Carlo Ricotta: Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, 00185 Rome, Italy

Mathematics, 2018, vol. 6, issue 11, 1-17

Abstract: Community structure as summarized by presence–absence data is often evaluated via diversity measures by incorporating taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional information on the constituting species. Most commonly, various dissimilarity coefficients are used to express these aspects simultaneously such that the results are not comparable due to the lack of common conceptual basis behind index definitions. A new framework is needed which allows such comparisons, thus facilitating evaluation of the importance of the three sources of extra information in relation to conventional species-based representations. We define taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity of species assemblages based on the generalized Jaccard dissimilarity index. This coefficient does not give equal weight to species, because traditional site dissimilarities are lowered by taking into account the taxonomic, phylogenetic or functional similarity of differential species in one site to the species in the other. These, together with the traditional, taxon- (species-) based beta diversity are decomposed into two additive fractions, one due to taxonomic, phylogenetic or functional excess and the other to replacement. In addition to numerical results, taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional community structure is visualized by 2D simplex or ternary plots. Redundancy with respect to taxon-based structure is expressed in terms of centroid distances between point clouds in these diagrams. The approach is illustrated by examples coming from vegetation surveys representing different ecological conditions. We found that beta diversity decreases in the following order: taxon-based, taxonomic (Linnaean), phylogenetic and functional. Therefore, we put forward the beta-redundancy hypothesis suggesting that this ordering may be most often the case in ecological communities, and discuss potential reasons and possible exceptions to this supposed rule. Whereas the pattern of change in diversity may be indicative of fundamental features of the particular community being studied, the effect of the choice of functional traits—a more or less subjective element of the framework—remains to be investigated.

Keywords: beta diversity; diversity partitioning; Jaccard dissimilarity; redundancy; richness difference; simplex plot; species replacement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/6/11/250/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/6/11/250/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:6:y:2018:i:11:p:250-:d:182308

Access Statistics for this article

Mathematics is currently edited by Ms. Emma He

More articles in Mathematics from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().