A Within-Host Stochastic Model for Nematode Infection

Antonio Gómez-Corral and Martín López-García
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Antonio Gómez-Corral: Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas CSIC-UAM-UC3M-UCM, Calle Nicolás Cabrera 13-15, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Martín López-García: Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK

Mathematics, 2018, vol. 6, issue 9, 1-24

Abstract: We propose a stochastic model for the development of gastrointestinal nematode infection in growing lambs under the assumption that nonhomogeneous Poisson processes govern the acquisition of parasites, the parasite-induced host mortality, the natural (no parasite-induced) host mortality and the death of parasites within the host. By means of considering a number of age-dependent birth and death processes with killing, we analyse the impact of grazing strategies that are defined in terms of an intervention instant t 0 , which might imply a move of the host to safe pasture and/or anthelmintic treatment. The efficacy and cost of each grazing strategy are defined in terms of the transient probabilities of the underlying stochastic processes, which are computed by means of Strang–Marchuk splitting techniques. Our model, calibrated with empirical data from Uriarte et al and Nasreen et al., regarding the seasonal presence of nematodes on pasture in temperate zones and anthelmintic efficacy, supports the use of dose-and-move strategies in temperate zones during summer and provides stochastic criteria for selecting the exact optimum time instant t 0 when these strategies should be applied.

Keywords: host-parasite interaction; nematode infection; nonhomogeneous Poisson process; seasonal environment; Strang–Marchuk splitting approach (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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