Rational Approximation for Solving an Implicitly Given Colebrook Flow Friction Equation

Pavel Praks and Dejan Brkić
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Pavel Praks: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Dejan Brkić: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy

Mathematics, 2019, vol. 8, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: The empirical logarithmic Colebrook equation for hydraulic resistance in pipes implicitly considers the unknown flow friction factor. Its explicit approximations, used to avoid iterative computations, should be accurate but also computationally efficient. We present a rational approximate procedure that completely avoids the use of transcendental functions, such as logarithm or non-integer power, which require execution of the additional number of floating-point operations in computer processor units. Instead of these, we use only rational expressions that are executed directly in the processor unit. The rational approximation was found using a combination of a Padé approximant and artificial intelligence (symbolic regression). Numerical experiments in Matlab using 2 million quasi-Monte Carlo samples indicate that the relative error of this new rational approximation does not exceed 0.866%. Moreover, these numerical experiments show that the novel rational approximation is approximately two times faster than the exact solution given by the Wright omega function.

Keywords: hydraulic resistance; pipe flow friction; Colebrook equation; Colebrook–White experiment; floating-point computations; approximations; Padé polynomials; symbolic regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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