Application of Mixed Sampling to Real Life Data: A Case Study on Socio-Economic Determinants by Using SEM and CFA Techniques

Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah, Wali Khan Mashwani, Wiyada Kumam, Poom Kumam, Christophe Chesneau, Farrukh Jamal, Gamze Ozel, Hafiza Shumaila Sleem and Hidayat Ullah Khan
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Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah: Department of Statistics, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
Wali Khan Mashwani: Institute of Numerical Sciences, Kohat University of Sciences & Technology, KPK 26170, Pakistan
Wiyada Kumam: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12110, Thailand
Poom Kumam: Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE) & KMUTT Fixed Point Research Laboratory, Room SCL 802 Fixed Point Laboratory, Science Laboratory Building, Departments of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha-Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thrung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Christophe Chesneau: LMNO, University of Caen-Normandie, 14032 Caen, France
Farrukh Jamal: Department of Statistics, Government Postgraduate College Der Nawab Bahawalpur, Punjab 63351, Pakistan
Gamze Ozel: Department of Statistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
Hafiza Shumaila Sleem: Department of Statistics, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan
Hidayat Ullah Khan: Department of Economics, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad 22010, KPK, Pakistan

Mathematics, 2020, vol. 8, issue 3, 1-20

Abstract: The objective of this study is to highlight the stress factors influencing primary school female teachers in southern Punjab, Pakistan. A causation model is developed to determine the effect of the three main domains of stress. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a convenient sampling technique. Cronbach’s alpha is computed to determine the internal consistency of the items of the questionnaire. The factors involved in the causation model are confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The perceived stress scale is used to check the stress level in primary school female teachers. A structural pathway of social, health and environmental factors is designed to determine the influence of different variables on stress. The examined problems included the four following major areas: social factors, economic factors, health factors and environment factors. Among our results, it is shown that the marital status has an effect on the stress level of both public and private female school teachers.

Keywords: mixed sampling; convenient sampling; teacher stress; occupational stress; level of teachers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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