Periodic Intermediate ? -Expansions of Pisot Numbers

Blaine Quackenbush, Tony Samuel and Matt West
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Blaine Quackenbush: Mathematics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA
Tony Samuel: School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Matt West: Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA

Mathematics, 2020, vol. 8, issue 6, 1-16

Abstract: The subshift of finite type property (also known as the Markov property) is ubiquitous in dynamical systems and the simplest and most widely studied class of dynamical systems are β -shifts, namely transformations of the form T β , α : x ? β x + α mod 1 acting on [ − α / ( β − 1 ) , ( 1 − α ) / ( β − 1 ) ] , where ( β , α ) ∈ Δ is fixed and where Δ ? { ( β , α ) ∈ R 2 : β ∈ ( 1 , 2 ) and 0 ≤ α ≤ 2 − β } . Recently, it was shown, by Li et al. (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 147(5): 2045–2055, 2019), that the set of ( β , α ) such that T β , α has the subshift of finite type property is dense in the parameter space Δ . Here, they proposed the following question. Given a fixed β ∈ ( 1 , 2 ) which is the n -th root of a Perron number, does there exists a dense set of α in the fiber { β } × ( 0 , 2 − β ) , so that T β , α has the subshift of finite type property? We answer this question in the positive for a class of Pisot numbers. Further, we investigate if this question holds true when replacing the subshift of finite type property by the sofic property (that is a factor of a subshift of finite type). In doing so we generalise, a classical result of Schmidt (Bull. London Math. Soc., 12(4): 269–278, 1980) from the case when α = 0 to the case when α ∈ ( 0 , 2 − β ) . That is, we examine the structure of the set of eventually periodic points of T β , α when β is a Pisot number and when β is the n -th root of a Pisot number.

Keywords: ? -expansions; shifts of finite type; periodic points; iterated function systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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