Impact of Material Stiffness and Anisotropy on Coaptation Characteristics for Aortic Valve Cusps Reconstructed from Pericardium

Alexey Liogky, Pavel Karavaikin and Victoria Salamatova
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Alexey Liogky: Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
Pavel Karavaikin: Department of Hospital Surgery of N.V. Sklifosovsky, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Sechenov University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
Victoria Salamatova: Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia

Mathematics, 2021, vol. 9, issue 18, 1-23

Abstract: The numerical assessment of reconstructed aortic valves competence and leaflet design optimization rely on both coaptation characteristics and the diastolic valve configuration. These characteristics can be evaluated by the shell or membrane formulations. The membrane formulation is preferable for surgical aortic valve neocuspidization planning since it is easy to solve. The results on coaptation zone sensitivity to the anisotropy of aortic leaflet material are contradictive, and there are no comparisons of coaptation characteristics based on shell and membrane models for anisotropic materials. In our study, we explore for the first time how the reduced model and anisotropy of the leaflet material affect the coaptation zone and the diastolic configuration of the aortic valve. To this end, we propose the method to mimic the real, sutured neo-leaflet, and apply our numerical shell and membrane formulations to model the aortic valve under the quasi-static diastolic pressure varying material stiffness and anisotropy directions. The shell formulation usually provides a lesser coaptation zone than the membrane formulation, especially in the central zone. The material stiffness does influence the coaptation zone: it is smaller for stiffer material. Anisotropy of the leaflet material does not affect significantly the coaptation characteristics, but can impact the deformed leaflet configuration and produce a smaller displacement.

Keywords: aortic valve; coaptation; shell; membrane; mathematical modeling; finite element method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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