Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Non-Isothermal Shrinking Surface

Iskandar Waini, Anuar Ishak and Ioan Pop
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Iskandar Waini: Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
Anuar Ishak: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Ioan Pop: Department of Mathematics, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Mathematics, 2021, vol. 9, issue 5, 1-18

Abstract: In this paper, we examine the influence of hybrid nanoparticles on flow and heat transfer over a permeable non-isothermal shrinking surface and we also consider the radiation and the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects. A hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles which are added into water to form Cu-Al 2 O 3 /water. The similarity equations are obtained using a similarity transformation and numerical results are obtained via bvp4c in MATLAB. The results show that dual solutions are dependent on the suction strength of the shrinking surface; in addition, the heat transfer rate is intensified with an increase in the magnetic parameter and the hybrid nanoparticles volume fractions for higher values of the radiation parameter. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate is higher for isothermal surfaces as compared with non-isothermal surfaces. Further analysis proves that the first solution is physically reliable and stable.

Keywords: hybrid nanofluid; heat transfer; non-isothermal; shrinking surface; MHD; radiation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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