Combining Classification and User-Based Collaborative Filtering for Matching Footwear Size

Aleix Alcacer, Irene Epifanio, Jorge Valero and Alfredo Ballester
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Aleix Alcacer: Department Matemàtiques, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
Irene Epifanio: Department Matemàtiques, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
Jorge Valero: Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Alfredo Ballester: Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain

Mathematics, 2021, vol. 9, issue 7, 1-15

Abstract: Size mismatch is a serious problem in online footwear purchase because size mismatch implies an almost sure return. Not only foot measurements are important in selecting a size, but also user preference. This is the reason we propose several methodologies that combine the information provided by a classifier with anthropometric measurements and user preference information through user-based collaborative filtering. As novelties: (1) the information sources are 3D foot measurements from a low-cost 3D foot digitizer, past purchases and self-reported size; (2) we propose to use an ordinal classifier after imputing missing data with different options based on the use of collaborative filtering; (3) we also propose an ensemble of ordinal classification and collaborative filtering results; and (4) several methodologies based on clustering and archetype analysis are introduced as user-based collaborative filtering for the first time. The hybrid methodologies were tested in a simulation study, and they were also applied to a dataset of Spanish footwear users. The results show that combining the information from both sources predicts the foot size better and the new proposals provide better accuracy than the classic alternatives considered.

Keywords: size recommendation; ordinal classification; 3D foot scanner; ensemble; random forest; clustering; archetypal analysis; supervised learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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