Post-Recycling Sodium Polyacrylate with Nanostructural Halloysite Additive as the Basic Components of the New Hybrid Soil Modifier—The Circular Economy Rules for SAP in Agriculture

Piotr Sakiewicz, Krzysztof Piotrowski (), Mariola Rajca and Szczepan Cieślak
Additional contact information
Piotr Sakiewicz: Division of Nanocrystalline and Functional Materials and Sustainable Pro-Ecological Technologies, Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Krzysztof Piotrowski: Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Design, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, ks. M. Strzody 7, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Mariola Rajca: Department of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Szczepan Cieślak: “TAMAX” Ltd., os. Sady 20/2, 28-340 Sędziszów, Poland

Resources, 2024, vol. 13, issue 6, 1-19

Abstract: Post-recycling sodium polyacrylate (SPA) derived from the selective recycling of personal hygiene products was tested as a potential key component of soil modifiers. Recycled SPA in combination with layered aluminosilicate (halloysite) with the sorption capacity of fertilizers allows for the creation of a fully functional, original system responsible for both water retention in soil and controlled dosing of fertilizers. The use of post-recycling SPA (possibly partially supplemented with virgin SPA) is advantageous for the natural environment. The results of different water types retention in post-recycling SPA (deionized water, rainwater, tap water) are discussed. The most beneficial effects of R-SPA swelling and water accumulation are achieved when it comes into contact with rainwater. The clear impact of Mg 2+ ions on the sorption capacity of R-SPA introduces the need for a technological compromise between the solution composition (N, P, K or N, P, K, Mg) affecting its fertilization value and the possibility of obtaining maximum R-SPA swelling. The sorption capacity of R-SPA can be slightly increased by using R-SPA/V-SPA mixtures, but R-SPA still plays a decisive role in this system. The possibility of technological adjustment of the leaching rate of fertilizer components under dynamic conditions using different combinations of (R-SPA/V-SPA)/HAL was demonstrated by column tests.

Keywords: post-recycling sodium polyacrylate; halloysite; slow releasing fertilizer; water retention; hybrid soil modifier (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/13/6/75/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/13/6/75/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jresou:v:13:y:2024:i:6:p:75-:d:1406429

Access Statistics for this article

Resources is currently edited by Ms. Donchian Ma

More articles in Resources from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().