By-Products from Five Grape Varieties Grown in Northwest Mexico Are Sources of Bioaccessible and Bioavailable Phenolic Compounds in a Simulated Digestion

Norma Julieta Salazar-López (), Rosario Maribel Robles-Sánchez, Julio Cesar Armenta-Gorosave, J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila, Gustavo A. González-Aguilar and Elisa Magaña-Barajas
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Norma Julieta Salazar-López: Facultad de Medicina de Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, BN, Mexico
Rosario Maribel Robles-Sánchez: Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, SO, Mexico
Julio Cesar Armenta-Gorosave: Facultad de Medicina de Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés, Centro Cívico, Mexicali 21000, BN, Mexico
J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila: SECIHTI—Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, SO, Mexico
Gustavo A. González-Aguilar: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, SO, Mexico
Elisa Magaña-Barajas: Programa de Ingeniería en Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Av. Ley Federal del Trabajo, Hermosillo 83100, SO, Mexico

Resources, 2025, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-16

Abstract: The inclusion of by-products or discarded fruit in a second value chain can be a strategy to contribute to sustainable food production and consumption, with a focus on following a circular economy model, since certain by-products may be a source of nutrients and compounds with biological potential. The objective of this research was to evaluate the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of by-products from five non-marketable grape varieties, as well as the bioaccessibility and absorption of their phenolic compounds during a simulated digestion, in order to support their potential use as sources of health-promoting compounds of interest. By-products of five grape varieties grown in northwest Mexico were evaluated. They were manually divided into two fractions, skin and pulp + seed, and subjected to a simulated digestion. Grape skin had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Catechin exhibited the highest bioaccessibility and absorption, although 40% of this compound was compromised during simulated digestion. Catechin, quercetin, and protocatechuic acid contained in grape by-products make them attractive for insertion into a second value chain with potential uses, such as applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Additional research is required to evaluate potential applications, ensuring that these alternative uses are profitable and sustainable.

Keywords: food waste; bioactive compounds; antioxidants; in vitro digestion; circular economy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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