How Policies Affect the Use of Plant Genetic Resources: The Experience of the CGIAR

Isabel López Noriega, Michael Halewood, Gea Galluzzi, Ronnie Vernooy, Enrico Bertacchini, Devendra Gauchan and Eric Welch
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Isabel López Noriega: Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari, 472/a Maccarese, Rome 00057, Italy
Michael Halewood: Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari, 472/a Maccarese, Rome 00057, Italy
Gea Galluzzi: Bioversity International, Regional Office for the Americas, c/o CIAT, km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali 6713, Colombia
Ronnie Vernooy: Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari, 472/a Maccarese, Rome 00057, Italy
Enrico Bertacchini: Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Turin, Lungodora Siena 100, Torino 10153, Italy
Devendra Gauchan: Socioeconomics and Agricultural Research Policy Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Singhadurbar Plaza, Kathmandu P.O. Box 5459, Nepal
Eric Welch: Science, Technology and Environment Policy Lab, Department of Public Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago, MC 278, 412 South Peoria Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA

Resources, 2013, vol. 2, issue 3, 1-39

Abstract: There is growing recognition that sustainable intensification of agricultural production systems and their successful adaptation to changes in climate will depend upon the improved access to, and use of, genetic diversity. This paper analyzes how the collection, use and distribution of plant genetic resources by the Consortium of International Research Centers of the CGIAR are influenced by international and national policies, treaties and agreements. Some concerns exist among CGIAR scientists about continued access to, and distribution of, plant genetic resources. Study findings point to an increasing influence of international and national policies and legal frameworks on the conservation and use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) by the CGIAR centers and the dissemination of CGIAR-improved germplasm first to partners in agricultural research organizations and then to final users of new plant varieties developed through research partnerships. This situation may, in the longer term, have a serious impact on the utilization of plant genetic diversity to cope with current and predicted challenges to agricultural production and, in particular, climate change.

Keywords: plant genetic resources; policies; access and benefit-sharing; intellectual property rights; partnerships; technology development and dissemination (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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