Gender Parity in Spain: Attainments and Remaining Challenges

Isabel Árbol-Pérez and Francisco Entrena-Durán
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Isabel Árbol-Pérez: Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Francisco Entrena-Durán: Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

Social Sciences, 2021, vol. 11, issue 1, 1-29

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to study the progress made in Spain in terms of gender parity and the challenges still pending to be achieved in this regard. To attain this objective, first of all, the authors review the successive legal regulations aimed at reaching gender equality that have been enacted in Spain. Furthermore, the considerations and findings made are based on the use of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. On the one hand, from a quantitative viewpoint, different statistical data provided mainly by the Spanish Statistics National Institute are analyzed. From these data, the authors prepare a set of tables and figures that allow them to show that, despite the undoubted legislative advances attained, clear gender inequalities continue in Spain. On the other hand, the authors base their assertions both on their participant observation and on a reinterpretation and reanalysis of the results of two previous qualitative researches. One of the most remarkable outcomes of the use of this qualitative methodology is the persistence in Spain of diverse signs of macho mentality. This persistence not only manifests itself among many men, it is also shared by a large number of women.

Keywords: Spain; gender equality legislation; gender inequalities; activity rates; employment rates; gender pay gap; gender roles; macho mentality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A B N P Y80 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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