Community-Based Interventions for the Prevention and Control of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review

Kay Polidano, Brianne Wenning, Alejandra Ruiz-Cadavid, Baheya Dawaishan, Jay Panchal, Sonali Gunasekara, Haftom Abebe, Marciglei Morais, Helen Price and Lisa Dikomitis ()
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Kay Polidano: Department of Sociology, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
Brianne Wenning: Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT2 7FS, UK
Alejandra Ruiz-Cadavid: Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
Baheya Dawaishan: School of Medicine, RCSI Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
Jay Panchal: School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Sonali Gunasekara: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura 50008, Sri Lanka
Haftom Abebe: College of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle 1871, Ethiopia
Marciglei Morais: Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-110, BA, Brazil
Helen Price: School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
Lisa Dikomitis: Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT2 7FS, UK

Social Sciences, 2022, vol. 11, issue 10, 1-17

Abstract: We reviewed the evidence on community-based interventions for the prevention and control of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Community initiatives tailored towards awareness and mobilisation are regarded as a priority area in the Neglected Tropical Disease Roadmap 2021–2030 by the World Health Organization. We searched nine electronic databases for intervention-based studies. Two independent reviewers screened and assessed the articles for methodological quality using predefined criteria. We conducted a meta-analysis using a random effects model, along with narrative synthesis. Thirteen articles were eligible for inclusion, of which 12 were quantitative studies (quasi-experimental with control group and pre-post interventions) and one qualitative study. All articles reported on health education interventions aimed at changing people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in relation to CL. Participant groups included students, mothers, housewives, volunteer health workers, and residents in general. An increased score was recorded for all outcomes across all interventions: knowledge (SMD: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.47), attitudes (SMD: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.56, 2.15), and practices (SMD: 1.73, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.47). Whilst our findings show that educational interventions improved people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices about CL, we argue that this approach is not sufficient for the prevention and control of this disease. Knowledge does not always translate into action, particularly where other structural barriers exist. Therefore, we recommend the design of more innovative community-based interventions with a broader focus (e.g., stigma, financial barriers, and healthcare access).

Keywords: interventions; community; neglected tropical diseases; cutaneous leishmaniasis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A B N P Y80 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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