Validation of the General Evaluation Scale for Measuring Ethnic and Religious Prejudice in an Indonesian Sample

Marselius Sampe Tondok, Suryanto Suryanto () and Rahkman Ardi
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Marselius Sampe Tondok: Doctoral Program in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
Suryanto Suryanto: Doctoral Program in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
Rahkman Ardi: Doctoral Program in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia

Social Sciences, 2023, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: The General Evaluation Scale (GES) has been widely employed to assess attitudes toward outgroups, including ethnic and religious prejudice. However, validation within the Indonesian context has not been conducted. Using two studies (Study 1, religious prejudice; Study 2, ethnic prejudice), we provide evidence of psychometric properties of a six-item GES for measuring ethnic and religious prejudice based on factor structure, composite reliability, and convergent validity in Indonesia. The results demonstrate an acceptable model fit for a single-factor structure characterized by high internal consistency (McDonald’s Omega/ ω = 0.93 in Study 1, ω = 0.94 in Study 2). Furthermore, the scale exhibits solid convergent validity, as evidenced by its correlations with the blatant and subtle prejudice scale ( r = −0.44 in Study 1, r = −0.74 in Study 2) and the feeling thermometer scale ( r = 0.60 in Study 1, r = 0.78 in Study 2). In summary, this research unequivocally establishes the GES as a valuable instrument for measuring religious and ethnic prejudice in the Indonesian context, underpinned by its robust psychometric properties. Nevertheless, it underscores the need for further investigations with diverse samples and varying social contexts to bolster the scale’s reliability and applicability.

Keywords: ethnic prejudice; religious prejudice; the general evaluation scale; validation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A B N P Y80 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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