Chatbots and Empowerment in Gender-Based Violence: Mixed Methods Analysis of Psychological and Legal Assistance

Miluska Odely Rodriguez Saavedra (), Erick Alexander Donayre Prado, Adolfo Erick Donayre Sarolli, Paola Gabriela Lujan Tito, Jose Antonio Escobedo Pajuelo, Ricardo Enrique Grundy Lopez, Orlando Aroquipa Apaza, María Elena Alegre Chalco, Wilian Quispe Nina, Raúl Andrés Pozo González, Manuel Edmundo Hillpa Zuñiga and Ruben Washington Arguedas Catasi
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Miluska Odely Rodriguez Saavedra: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Erick Alexander Donayre Prado: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Adolfo Erick Donayre Sarolli: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Paola Gabriela Lujan Tito: Faculty of Administration and Business, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15073, Peru
Jose Antonio Escobedo Pajuelo: Faculty of Administration and Business, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15073, Peru
Ricardo Enrique Grundy Lopez: Faculty of Legal and Business Sciences, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Orlando Aroquipa Apaza: Faculty of Legal and Business Sciences, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa 04000, Peru
María Elena Alegre Chalco: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Wilian Quispe Nina: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Raúl Andrés Pozo González: Faculty of Administration and Business, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15073, Peru
Manuel Edmundo Hillpa Zuñiga: Faculty of Legal and Business Sciences, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa 04000, Peru
Ruben Washington Arguedas Catasi: Faculty of Accounting and Financial Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru

Social Sciences, 2025, vol. 14, issue 10, 1-25

Abstract: The research explores how artificial intelligence-based chatbots transform psychological and legal assistance in situations of gender-based violence, evaluating their effect on women’s digital empowerment. A cross-sectional design with a mixed approach was used, combining a 25-item survey of 1000 women and a quantitative analysis using multiple correspondences and clustering techniques, supplemented by semi-structured interviews. The findings show that 64% considered the use of chatbots useful for accessing information, although only 27% used them to report incidents due to structural and digital barriers. Participants from rural areas faced severe connectivity limitations and expressed distrust of artificial intelligence, while those who interacted frequently demonstrated greater autonomy, decision-making capacity, and confidence in seeking support. Qualitative analysis showed that users valued confidentiality and anonymity as essential elements for sharing experiences of violence that they did not reveal in face-to-face settings. They also highlighted that immediate interaction with chatbots created a perception of constant support, reducing isolation and motivating users to seek formal help. The conclusion is that designing gender-focused chatbots and integrating them into care systems is an innovative and effective way to expand access to justice and psychological care.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; chatbots; empowerment; gender-based violence; psychological and legal assistance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A B N P Y80 Z00 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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