Developing Countries in the Lead—What Drives the Diffusion of Plastic Bag Policies?

Doris Knoblauch, Linda Mederake and Ulf Stein
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Doris Knoblauch: Ecologic Institute, 10717 Berlin, Germany
Linda Mederake: Ecologic Institute, 10717 Berlin, Germany
Ulf Stein: Ecologic Institute, 10717 Berlin, Germany

Sustainability, 2018, vol. 10, issue 6, 1-24

Abstract: While diffusion patterns are quite well understood in the context of the Global North, diffusion research has only been applied to a limited extent to investigate how policies spread across developing countries. In this article, we therefore analyze the diffusion patterns of plastic bag bans and plastic bag taxes in the Global South and Global North to contribute to the further refinement of diffusion theory by specifically addressing the under-researched Global South. Moreover, with an in-depth investigation of plastic bag policies through the lens of diffusion research, the article provides insights in the rather new and still underexplored policy field of plastic pollution. We find that industrialized countries have mostly adopted plastic bag taxes, while developing countries have mainly introduced plastic bag bans and thus more stringent legislation than countries in the Global North. So far, the key driving force for the diffusion of plastic bag policies in the Global North has been the global public pressure. In the Global South, where plastic bag litter is much more visible and harmful due to limited waste collection and recycling rates, national problem pressure has been much more influential.

Keywords: case study research; plastic bags; regulation; policy diffusion; policy transfer; policy learning; sustainable development; marine litter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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