An Economical, Sustainable Pathway to Indole-Containing Oxindoles: Iron-Catalyzed 1,6-Conjugate Addition in Glycerol

Lan Tan and Abdul Rahman
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Lan Tan: Business School, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
Abdul Rahman: Faculty of Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

Sustainability, 2018, vol. 10, issue 8, 1-11

Abstract: The search for economical, sustainable and practical pathways in synthetic science would contribute to improving resource efficiency, developing a recycling economy and driving new-type urbanization. Green synthesis has established firm ground providing the right green yardstick for development of a sustainable approach to bioactive high-added value molecules and drug discovery, and further development of sustainable manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical industry toward a green resource efficient economy. In this study, the combination of FeCl 3 and glycerol exhibits a versatile and high catalytic activity in the atom economical 1,6-conjugated addition of para -quinone methides derived from isatins with indoles using the right green yardstick. The sustainable pathway provides the preparation of bioactive indole-containing oxindoles in excellent yields with superior advantages, such as the ready availability, low price and environmentally benign character of iron catalysis, easy product separation, cheap and safe bio-renewable glycerol as a green solvent, and catalytic system recycling under mild conditions.

Keywords: atom economy; sustainable pathway; recycling economy; resource efficient economy; glycerol; iron; catalysis; 1,6-conjugate addition (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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