The Potential Use of Microorganisms as Restorative Agents: An Update

Irene Soffritti, Maria D’Accolti, Luca Lanzoni, Antonella Volta, Matteo Bisi, Sante Mazzacane and Elisabetta Caselli
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Irene Soffritti: Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Maria D’Accolti: Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Luca Lanzoni: CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Antonella Volta: CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Matteo Bisi: CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Sante Mazzacane: CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Elisabetta Caselli: Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

Sustainability, 2019, vol. 11, issue 14, 1-17

Abstract: The biodeterioration process involves every type of Cultural Heritage item, including monuments, stoneworks, frescoes, and easel paintings. The accurate study of the microbial and fungal communities dwelling on artworks, and involved in their deterioration, is essential for the adoption of optimal prevention and conservation strategies. Conventional restorative methods, that usually involve chemical and physical technologies, present some disadvantages, including short-term and unsatisfactory effects, potential damage to the treated works, human toxicity, and environmental hazards. Research in the field of restoration has paved the way for innovative biological approaches, or ‘biorestoration’, in which microorganisms are not only considered as an eventual danger for artworks, but rather as potential tools for restoration. The present review describes the main aspects of the biodeterioration process and highlights the most relevant biorestoration approaches: bioconsolidation, biocleaning, biological control, and new promising bio-decontaminating compounds.

Keywords: biodeterioration; bioremediation; bioconsolidation; biocleaning; bio-decontaminating compounds; Bacillus species (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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