Eco-Environmental Risk Evaluation for Land Use Planning in Areas of Potential Farmland Abandonment in the High Mountains of Nepal Himalayas

Suresh Chaudhary, Yukuan Wang, Amod Mani Dixit, Narendra Raj Khanal, Pei Xu, Kun Yan, Qin Liu, Yafeng Lu and Ming Li
Additional contact information
Suresh Chaudhary: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Yukuan Wang: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Amod Mani Dixit: National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal, Kathmandu Lalitpur, P.O. Box 13667, Nepal
Narendra Raj Khanal: Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University, University Campus, Kirtipur, P.O. Box 44613 Nepal
Pei Xu: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Kun Yan: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Qin Liu: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Yafeng Lu: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Ming Li: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China

Sustainability, 2019, vol. 11, issue 24, 1-20

Abstract: Land use change, especially that due to farmland abandonment in the mountains of Nepal, is being seen as a major factor contributing to increasing eco-environmental risk, undesirable changes in the socio-cultural landscape, biodiversity loss, and reduced capacity of the ecosystem to provide key services. This study aims to: i) evaluate eco-environmental risk for one of the high mountain river basins, the Dordi river basin in Nepal, that has a growing potential of farmland abandonment; and ii) develop a risk-based land use planning framework for mitigating the impact of risk and for enhancing sustainable management practices in mountain regions. We employed a multi-criteria analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to assign risk weightage to geophysical and socio-demographic factors, and performed spatial superposition analysis in the model builder of a geographic information system (GIS) to produce an eco-environmental risk map, which was subjected to a reliability check against existing eco-environmental conditions by ground truthing and using statistical models. The result shows that 22.36% of the basin area has a high level of risk. The very high, extreme high, moderate, and low zones accounted 17.38%, 7.93%, 28.49%, and 23.81%, respectively. A high level of eco-environmental risk occurs mostly in the north and northwest, but appears in patches in the south as well, whereas the level of moderate risk is concentrated in the southern parts of the river basin. All the land use types, notably, forest, grassland, shrub land, and cultivated farmland, are currently under stress, which generally increases with elevation towards the north but is also concentrated along the road network and river buffer zones where human interference with nature is the maximum. The risk map and the framework are expected to provide information and a scientific evidence-base for formulating and reasonable development strategies and guidelines for consensus-based utilization and protection of eco-environmental resources in the river basin. As an awareness raising tool, it also can activate social processes enabling communities to design for and mitigate the consequences of hazardous events. Moreover, this risk assessment allows an important link in understanding regional eco-environmental risk situation, land use, natural resources, and environmental management.

Keywords: eco-environmental risk assessment; land use planning; analytical hierarchy process; GIS; mountain region; Nepal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/24/6931/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/24/6931/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:24:p:6931-:d:294467

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().