Diversity and Pre-Breeding Prospects for Local Adaptation in Oat Genetic Resources

Leona Leišová-Svobodová, Sebastian Michel, Ilmar Tamm, Marie Chourová, Dagmar Janovska and Heinrich Grausgruber
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Leona Leišová-Svobodová: Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
Sebastian Michel: BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Dept. IFA-Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
Ilmar Tamm: Estonian Crop Research Institute, J. Aamisepa 1, 48309 Jõgeva, Estonia
Marie Chourová: Selgen a.s., Šlechtitelské stanice Krukanice, 330 36 Pernarec, Czech Republic
Dagmar Janovska: Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
Heinrich Grausgruber: BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Dept. Crop Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria

Sustainability, 2019, vol. 11, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Acreage of oat ( Avena sativa L.) in Europe was steadily declining during the last century due to less breeding progress compared to other cereals. However, oat remains a valuable crop for food and feed, as well as for sustainable crop rotations. To unravel the genetic and phenotypic diversity in oat breeders’ germplasm collections, a diversity panel including 260 accessions was investigated by molecular markers and in multi-environment field trials. Due to the large genetic variation in the present diversity panel, high heritabilities were observed for most agro-morphological traits, even for complex traits such as grain yield. Population structure analyses identified three subpopulations which were not straightforwardly related to the geographic origin of the accessions. Accessions from France, Germany, and the Czech Republic in particular were present in approximately equal proportions among all three subpopulations. Breeders’ selection after one year of field trials was mainly based on grain yield, grain weight, grading, plant height, and maturity and did not result in a loss of genetic diversity. However, the low number of polymorphic markers must be considered in this case. The present study provides basic knowledge for further oat improvement through the identification of valuable genetic resources which can be exploited in breeding programs as e.g., parental genotypes in crossings.

Keywords: Avena sativa; genetic resources; grain yield; heritability; population structure; regional adaptation; retrospective selection index; trait association (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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