Limits of Tilapia Aquaculture for Rural Livelihoods in Solomon Islands

Daykin Harohau, Jessica Blythe, Marcus Sheaves and Amy Diedrich
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Daykin Harohau: College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia
Jessica Blythe: Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Marcus Sheaves: College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia
Amy Diedrich: College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: Increasing pressure on coastal fisheries poses serious threats to local livelihoods and the food security of Pacific Islanders. In response, governments and development agencies have explored tilapia pond aquaculture as an alternative fish production source. Yet, evidence to date on the impact of tilapia aquaculture on rural livelihoods has been inconclusive. Drawing on the sustainable livelihood framework, we analysed the contribution of Mozambique tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus ) aquaculture to the livelihood assets and outcomes of 40 rural farmers in Solomon Islands. First, results showed that 53% of tilapia farmers were satisfied with tilapia aquaculture’s contribution to their human and social assets, while only 28% and 13% were satisfied with its contribution to their physical and financial assets, respectively. Tilapia aquaculture’s contribution to farmers’ natural assets was also limited. Second, and most importantly, there was an insignificant contribution of tilapia aquaculture to food and income security. Our results demonstrate that tilapia farmers rarely consumed tilapia, with only two of the 40 households having consumed tilapia in the seven days prior the interview. Moreover, only eight tilapia farmers sold their tilapia, which contributed 0.002–0.5% of their total weekly revenue. We argue the limited contribution of tilapia aquaculture to food and income stems from the low productivity of the available tilapia species and the low local demand for tilapia at rural markets. Given the current context of declining coastal fisheries and food insecurity concerns in rural Pacific Islands, it is unlikely that the current form of Mozambique tilapia aquaculture will be able to achieve its objective of addressing food and income security as a complement to coastal fisheries.

Keywords: tilapia; aquaculture; Pacific Islands; sustainable livelihood framework; Solomon Islands; food security; income security (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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