Evaluating Supplementary Water Methodology with Saturated Soil Irrigation for Yield and Water Productivity Improvement in Semi-Arid Rainfed Rice System, Burkina Faso

Aimé Sévérin Kima, Etienne Kima, Bernard Bacyé, Paule A. W. Ouédraogo, Ousmane Traore, Seydou Traore, Hervé Nandkangré, Wen-Guey Chung and Yu-Min Wang
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Aimé Sévérin Kima: Environment and Agriculture Research and Training Center of Kamboinsé, Institute of Environment, and Agricultural Research, Ouagadougou 01 01 B.P. 476, Burkina Faso
Etienne Kima: Ministry of Agriculture, Direction of Irrigation, Ouagadougou 03 03 BP 7123, Burkina Faso
Bernard Bacyé: Institute of Rural Development, Nazi Boni University, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
Paule A. W. Ouédraogo: Institute of Rural Development, Nazi Boni University, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso
Ousmane Traore: School of Economics, Anhui University Hefei, No. 3, Feixi Road, Hefei 230039, China
Seydou Traore: 207B Scoates Hall 2117, Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Hervé Nandkangré: Polytechnic Centre of Tenkodogo, University of Ouaga 2, Ouagadougou 12 12 BP 417, Burkina Faso
Wen-Guey Chung: Department of Civil Engineering, National Pintung University of Science and Technology, 1 Hseuh Fu Rd., Neipu Hsing 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan
Yu-Min Wang: Department of Civil Engineering, National Pintung University of Science and Technology, 1 Hseuh Fu Rd., Neipu Hsing 91201, Pingtung, Taiwan

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-17

Abstract: Saturated soil irrigation (SSI) has been reported as a great technique that increases water productivity in fully irrigated rice cultivation. However, this technique should be employed in a dry prone area where rainfalls fail to fulfill rice water requirements and fill up reservoirs for sufficient irrigation. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to identify the most effective complementary irrigation that restores soil moisture to saturation and increases water productivity with fewer yield expenses. The study used a complete randomized blocks design with four replications and four soil saturation treatments: Sat 200% (farmer practice), Sat 160% , Sat 120% , and Sat 80% . In Sat 160% , Sat 120%, and Sat 80% irrigation was applied once a week in the absence of rainfall. In Sat 200% , water was daily applied except the day of rain. The results showed that reductions in soil saturation decreased plant height, tillers, and leaves number by 10%, 18%, and 14%, respectively. Yield and components were reduced between 26.09% and 4.8%. Weekly soil saturation at 120% exhibited greater irrigation productivity (0.69 kg/m 3 ), rainwater productivity (1.02 kg/m 3 ), and water-saving (90.53%) with less production penalty (5 × 10 −3 kg/m 3 ). We advocate that saturated soil irrigation should be recommended in the rainfed rice system as a drought mitigation measure in semi-arid conditions.

Keywords: complementary irrigation; water productivity; saturated soil irrigation; semi-arid conditions; rainfed rice system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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