Effects of Different Nutrient and Trace Metal Concentrations on Growth of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum Isolated from Korean Coastal Waters

Kyong Ha Han, Hyun Jung Kim, Zhun Li, Joo Yeon Youn, Kyeong Yoon Kwak, Min Ho Seo, Jinik Hwang, Sang Deuk Lee, Suk Min Yun, Seok Jin Oh, Jong Woo Park, Weol-Ae Lim and Hyeon Ho Shin
Additional contact information
Kyong Ha Han: Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
Hyun Jung Kim: Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
Zhun Li: Biological Resource Center/Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeonbuk 56212, Korea
Joo Yeon Youn: Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
Kyeong Yoon Kwak: Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea
Min Ho Seo: Marine Ecology Research Center, Yeosu 59697, Korea
Jinik Hwang: Environment and Resource Convergence Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Korea
Sang Deuk Lee: Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, Korea
Suk Min Yun: Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, Korea
Seok Jin Oh: Department of Oceanography, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-705, Korea
Jong Woo Park: National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 619-705, Korea
Weol-Ae Lim: National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 619-705, Korea
Hyeon Ho Shin: Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 656-830, Korea

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-12

Abstract: The effects of the addition of nutrients (nitrate: N; phosphate: P; and vitamin B 1 ) and trace metals (iron: Fe; Copper: Cu; and selenium: Se) on the growth of Gymnodinium catenatum , which was isolated from Korean coastal waters, were investigated. The Korean isolate of G. catenatum grew under a wide range of concentrations of N and P. Whilst high concentrations of N (> N: P ratio of 23.5) did not stimulate the growth rate, an enhanced growth rate and cell density were observed with the addition of P. The experimental addition of vitamin B 1 revealed that G. catenatum is not dependent on vitamin B 1 for growth. Moreover, the addition of Fe and Cu resulted in no significant differences in the growth patterns and rates of G. catenatum between the controls and treatments. It is thus possible that growth of the Korean isolate of G. catenatum does not require high concentrations of Fe and Cu. However, the cell densities were enhanced in the stationary phases of treatments upon addition of Se, and the maximum cell densities were higher than those in the culture experiments upon additions of other nutrient and trace metals. Our findings indicate that G. catenatum prefers P and Se for proliferation, rather than other nutritional sources.

Keywords: growth rate; nitrate; phosphate; vitamin B 1; copper; iron; selenium (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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