Implementation of Floating Treatment Wetlands for Textile Wastewater Management: A Review

Fan Wei, Munazzam Jawad Shahid, Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi, Muhammad Afzal, Aziz Khan, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Zohaib Abbas, Kunhua Wei, Ihsan Elahi Zaheer, Muhammad Rizwan and Shafaqat Ali
Additional contact information
Fan Wei: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530005, China
Munazzam Jawad Shahid: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi: Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia
Muhammad Afzal: Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Aziz Khan: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530005, China
Mohamed A. El-Esawi: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
Zohaib Abbas: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Kunhua Wei: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530005, China
Ihsan Elahi Zaheer: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Muhammad Rizwan: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Shafaqat Ali: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 14, 1-35

Abstract: The textile industry is one of the most chemically intensive industries, and its wastewater is comprised of harmful dyes, pigments, dissolved/suspended solids, and heavy metals. The treatment of textile wastewater has become a necessary task before discharge into the environment. The textile effluent can be treated by conventional methods, however, the limitations of these techniques are high cost, incomplete removal, and production of concentrated sludge. This review illustrates recent knowledge about the application of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) for remediation of textile wastewater. The FTWs system is a potential alternative technology for textile wastewater treatment. FTWs efficiently removed the dyes, pigments, organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals, and other pollutants from the textile effluent. Plants and bacteria are essential components of FTWs, which contribute to the pollutant removal process through their physical effects and metabolic process. Plants species with extensive roots structure and large biomass are recommended for vegetation on floating mats. The pollutant removal efficiency can be enhanced by the right selection of plants, managing plant coverage, improving aeration, and inoculation by specific bacterial strains. The proper installation and maintenance practices can further enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and aesthetic value of the FTWs. Further research is suggested to develop guidelines for the selection of right plants and bacterial strains for the efficient remediation of textile effluent by FTWs at large scales.

Keywords: bacteria; floating treatment wetlands; plants; textile effluent (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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