Impact of Indo-Pacific Climate Variability on Rice Productivity in Bihar, India

Netrananda Sahu, Atul Saini, Swadhin Behera, Takahiro Sayama, Sridhara Nayak, Limonlisa Sahu, Weili Duan, Ram Avtar, Masafumi Yamada, R. B. Singh and Kaoru Takara
Additional contact information
Netrananda Sahu: Department of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
Atul Saini: Department of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
Swadhin Behera: Application Laboratory, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan
Takahiro Sayama: Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Innovative Disaster Prevention Technology and Policy Research Laboratory, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji City, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
Sridhara Nayak: Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Innovative Disaster Prevention Technology and Policy Research Laboratory, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji City, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
Limonlisa Sahu: Department of Environment Science, Fakir Mohan University, Odisha 756020, India
Weili Duan: State Key Laboratory of Desert & Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830010, China
Ram Avtar: Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
Masafumi Yamada: Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Innovative Disaster Prevention Technology and Policy Research Laboratory, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji City, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
R. B. Singh: Department of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
Kaoru Takara: Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies (GSAIS) in Human Survivability (Shishu-Kan), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 17, 1-21

Abstract: The impact of Indo-Pacific climate variability in the South Asian region is very pronounced and their impact on agriculture is very important for the Indian subcontinent. In this study, rice productivity, climatic factors (Rainfall, Temperature and Soil Moisture) and associated major Indo-Pacific climate indices in Bihar were investigated. Bihar is one of the major rice-producing states of India and the role of climate variability and prevailing climate indices in six events (between 1991–2014) with severer than −10% rice productivity are analyzed. The Five-year moving average, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation, Partial Correlation, Linear Regression Model, Mann Kendall Test, Sen’s Slope and some other important statistical techniques were used to understand the association between climatic variables and rice productivity. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation provided an overview of the significant correlation between climate indices and rice productivity. Whereas, Partial Correlation provided the most refined results on it and among all the climate indices, Niño 3, Ocean Niño Index and Southern Oscillation Index are found highly associated with years having severer than −10% decline in rice productivity. Rainfall, temperature and soil moisture anomalies are analyzed to observe the importance of climate factors in rice productivity. Along with the lack of rainfall, lack of soil moisture and persistent above normal temperature (especially maximum temperature) are found to be the important factors in cases of severe loss in rice productivity. Observation of the dynamics of ocean-atmosphere coupling through the composite map shows the Pacific warming signals during the event years. The analysis revealed a negative (positive) correlation of rice productivity with the Niño 3 and Ocean Niño Index (Southern Oscillation Index).

Keywords: climate variability; climate index; temperature; rainfall; soil moisture; rice productivity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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