Comparative Analysis of Sequence Polymorphism in Complete Organelle Genomes of the ‘Golden Tide’ Seaweed Sargassum horneri between Korean and Chinese Forms

Seo Yeon Byeon, Kyeong-Sik Cheon, Sangil Kim, Suk-Hyun Yun, Hyun-Ju Oh, Sang Rul Park, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jang Kyun Kim and Hyuk Je Lee
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Seo Yeon Byeon: Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
Kyeong-Sik Cheon: Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
Sangil Kim: Oceanic Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
Suk-Hyun Yun: Oceanic Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
Hyun-Ju Oh: Oceanic Climate and Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
Sang Rul Park: Estuarine and Coastal Ecology Laboratory, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
Tae-Hoon Kim: Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
Jang Kyun Kim: Department of Marine Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
Hyuk Je Lee: Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 18, 1-14

Abstract: Drifting and inundating brown seaweed Sargassum horneri biomass is called “golden tide”, as it resembles golden massive algal blooms like green tides. This phenomenon occurs globally and its serious ecological impacts on coastal ecosystems have recently begun to be paid attention to. In the present study, by sequencing whole organelle genomes of Korean indigenous S. horneri , we aimed to develop novel molecular markers that can be used for differentiating indigenous from nonindigenous individuals. To this end, we analyzed sequence polymorphisms in mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) genomes of two Korean benthic samples in comparison to Chinese ones as a reference. We mapped mt genomes of 34,620~34,628 bp and cp genomes of 123,982~124,053 bp for the Korean samples. In comparative analyses, mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit II ( cox2 ) gene showed the highest number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between Korean and Chinese individuals. NADH dehydrogenase subunit 7 ( Nad7 )-proline tRNA ( trnP ) intergenic spacer (IGS) in the mt genome showed a 14 bp insertion or deletion (indel) mutation. For the cp genome, we found a total of 54 SNPs, but its overall evolution rate was approximately four-fold lower than the mt genome. Interestingly, analysis of Ka/Ks ratio in the cp genome revealed a signature of positive selection on several genes, although only negative selection prevalent in mt genome. The ‘candidate’ genetic markers that we found can be applied to discriminate between Korean indigenous and nonindigenous individuals. This study will assist in developing a molecular-based early detection method for effectively managing nonindigenous S. horneri in Korean waters.

Keywords: chloroplast genome; floating population; golden tides; indel mutation; mitochondrial genome; molecular (genetic) markers; nonindigenous; Sargassum horneri; sequence polymorphisms (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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