How to Choose a Hydrological Recovery Mode for Degraded Semiarid Wetland in China? A Case Study on Restoration of Phragmites australis Saline-Alkaline Wetland

Shuling Yu, Xiaoyu Li, Subang An, Yanli Yang, Na Zhang and Zhixin Du
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Shuling Yu: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Xiaoyu Li: Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China
Subang An: Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China
Yanli Yang: Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China
Na Zhang: School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Zhixin Du: Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Science, 4888 Shengbei Street, Changchun 130012, China

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 12, issue 23, 1-14

Abstract: Hydrological recovery is the basis for restoring the structure and function of wetlands in semiarid and arid areas of China. Selecting an appropriate hydrological recovery mode may be helpful for improving the effectiveness of wetland restoration. We conducted pot experiments to study the effects of the flooding frequency, duration, depth, and occurrence time on the height, biomass, ion contents, and photosynthetic physiology of Phragmites australis in degraded saline–alkaline marsh in the West Songnen Plain, China. At the end of the growing season, we found that the biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and water use efficiency (WUE) of the leaves increased, whereas the Na + concentration decreased, and the K + content remained unchanged under an increased flooding frequency treatment. As the flooding depth increased, the plant height increased, but there were no differences in the photosynthetic parameters, biomass, and WUE under flooding at 5 cm and 10 cm. Under different flooding duration treatments, the plant height and biomass were greater, but the photosynthetic parameters and Na + and K + contents were lower under a flooding duration of three months. The flooding occurrence time had little effect on the growth of P. australis . Our results indicate that the flooding frequency and duration had greater effects than the flooding depth and occurrence time in the hydrological recovery model for P. australis restoration. The biomass accumulated by P. australis was related to lower Na + contents and the maintenance of a high K + /Na + contents, and WUE increased by adjusting photosynthesis under a moderate flooding frequency and duration. These results have important implications for the restoration of degraded semiarid wetlands with man-made channel systems in conditions with limited freshwater resources.

Keywords: photosynthesis; biomass; saline ions; flooding frequency; flooding duration; Phragmites australis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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