Detection of the TiO 2 Concentration in the Protective Coatings for the Cultural Heritage by Means of Hyperspectral Data

Antonio Costanzo, Donatella Ebolese, Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo, Sergio Falcone, Carmelo la Piana, Mauro Francesco La Russa, Massimo Musacchio and Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno
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Antonio Costanzo: National Earthquake Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 87036 Rende, Italy
Donatella Ebolese: Department of Culture and Society, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo: Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
Sergio Falcone: National Earthquake Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 87036 Rende, Italy
Carmelo la Piana: National Earthquake Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 87036 Rende, Italy
Mauro Francesco La Russa: Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
Massimo Musacchio: National Earthquake Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy
Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno: National Earthquake Observatory, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy

Sustainability, 2020, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Nanotechnology-based materials are currently being tested in the protection of cultural heritage: ethyl silicate or silica nanoparticles dispersed in aqueous colloidal suspensions mixed with titanium dioxide are used as a coating for stone materials. These coatings can play a key role against the degradation of stone materials, due to the deposit of organic matter and other contaminants on the substrate, a phenomenon that produces a greater risk for the monuments in urban areas because of the increasing atmospheric pollution. However, during the application phase, it is important to evaluate the amount of titanium dioxide in the coatings on the substrate, as it can produce a coverage effect on the asset. In this work, we present the hyperspectral data obtained through a field spectroradiometer on samples of different stone materials, which have been prepared in laboratory with an increasing weight percentage of titanium dioxide from 0 to 8 wt%. The data showed spectral signatures dependent on the content of titanium dioxide in the wavelength range 350–400 nm. Afterwards, blind tests were performed on other samples in order to evaluate the reliability of these measurements in detecting the unknown weight percentage of titanium dioxide. Moreover, an investigation was also performed on a test application of nanoparticle coatings on a stone statue located in a coastal town in Calabria (southern Italy). The results showed that the surveys can be useful for verifying the phase of application of the coating on cultural heritage structures; however, they could also be used to check the state of the coated stone directly exposed over time to atmospheric, biological and chemical agents.

Keywords: protective coatings; nanoparticle films; titanium dioxide; stone surface conservation; spectroradiometric data; hyperspectral signatures; cultural heritage protection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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