Analysis of Nutritional Quality Attributes and Their Inter-Relationship in Maize Inbred Lines for Sustainable Livelihood

Sapna Langyan, Zahoor A. Dar, D. P. Chaudhary, J. C. Shekhar, Susila Herlambang, Hesham El Enshasy, R. Z. Sayyed and S. Rakshit
Additional contact information
Sapna Langyan: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, PAU Campus, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
Zahoor A. Dar: Dryland Agriculture Research Station, SKUAST, Kashmir 190001, India
D. P. Chaudhary: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, PAU Campus, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
J. C. Shekhar: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, PAU Campus, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
Susila Herlambang: Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Pembangunan Nasional Veteran University, Yogyakarta 55293, Indonesia
Hesham El Enshasy: Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
R. Z. Sayyed: Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s Arts, Science, Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India
S. Rakshit: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, PAU Campus, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: The present investigation was planned to understand the variability and inter-relationship among various nutritional quality attributes of maize kernels to identify potential donors of the respective traits for future hybridization programs. Sixty-three maize inbred lines were processed for the estimation of protein, starch, fat, sugar, 100-kernel weight, specific gravity, and moisture level of the grain. The results reveal that a wide variability among protein, starch, 100-kernel weight, specific gravity, and fat was seen, with special emphasis on the protein concentration that varied from 8.83 to 15.54%, starch (67.43–75.31%), and 100-kernel weight (9.14–36.11 gm). Factor analysis revealed that the protein concentration, starch, and 100-kernel weight, the three major components, comprise 68.58% of the kernel variability. Protein exhibited a significant negative correlation with starch and 100-kernel weight, indicating that an increase in the protein concentration will down-regulate the starch and 100-kernel weight. The inbred lines are proposed as donors for the development of high cultivars for their respective traits, viz., high protein (DMR WNC NY 403 and DMR WNC NY 404), high starch concentration (DMR WNC NY 2163, DMR WNC NY 2219, DMR WNC NY 2234, DMR WNC NY 2408, DMR WNC NY 2437, and DMR WNC NY 2466), high 100-kernel wt. (DMR WNC NY 2113, DMR WNC NY 2213, DMR WNC NY 2233, DMR WNC NY 2234, DMR WNC NY 2414, DMR WNC NY 2435, DMR WNC NY 2465, and DMR WNC NY 2474), sugar (DMR WNC NY 2417), and specific gravity (DMR WNC NY 2418). Genetic distance analysis revealed that DMR WNC NY 397 and DMR WNC NY 404 are the farthest apart inbred lines, having major differences in their protein, fat, starch, and sugar contents, followed by DMR WNC NY 2436 and DMR WNC NY 2394, DMR WNC NY 2212 and DMR WNC NY 2430, DMR WNC NY 396 and DMR WNC NY 2415, DMR WNC NY 404 and DMR WNC NY 2144, and DMR WNC NY403 and DMR WNC NY 2115. Moreover, this study proposes that these possible combinations of lines (in a breeding program) would result in genetic variability with simultaneous high values for the respective characteristics.

Keywords: clustering; correlation; fat; protein; starch; sugar; specific gravity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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