Interactive Effects of Nitrogen and Sulfur Nutrition on Growth, Development, and Physiology of Brassica carinata A. Braun and Brassica napus L

Shivendra Kumar, Ramdeo Seepaul, Ian M. Small, Sheeja George, George Kelly O’Brien, James J. Marois and David L. Wright
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Shivendra Kumar: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
Ramdeo Seepaul: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
Ian M. Small: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
Sheeja George: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
George Kelly O’Brien: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
James J. Marois: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
David L. Wright: North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL 32351, USA

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 13, 1-19

Abstract: Brassica carinata (carinata) has emerged as a potential biofuel source due to its high erucic acid content, making it desirable for various industrial applications. Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) are required as primary sources of nutrition for growth and development in different oilseed crops and their utilization is interdependent. The purpose of the study was to analyze the interactive effect of N and S nutrition on the growth and other physiological activities of carinata and B. napus (napus). Four treatments, i.e., optimum NS (+N+S, 100% N and 100% S); N limited (−N+S, 0% N, 100% S); S limited (+N−S, 100% N, 0% S), and NS limited (−N−S, 0% N and 0% S) of N and S in full-strength Hoagland solution were imposed in the current study. Effect of different NS treatments was observed on vegetative traits such as number of primary and secondary branches, total leaf area, total biomass production and allocation, and physiological traits such as production of photosynthetic pigments, net photosynthesis, electron transport, and other aspects for both carinata and napus. The traits of stem elongation, number of nodes, node addition rate, internode length, number of primary and secondary branches were 60%, 36%, 50%, 35%, 56%, and 83% lower, respectively, in napus in comparison to carinata. Different NS treatments also positively influenced the production of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll (Chl) a and b and carotenoids in carinata and napus. The concentration of Chla was 11% higher in napus in comparison to carinata. The rate of net photosynthesis, electron transport, and fluorescence was 12%, 8%, and 5% higher based on overall value, respectively, in napus compared to carinata. On the other hand, the overall value for stomatal conductance decreased by 5% in napus when compared to carinata. Different growth-related traits such as vegetative (plant height, node number, internode length, leaf area, number of primary and secondary branches), reproductive (pod number, pod length, seeds per pod), and photosynthetic capacity in oilseed brassicas are correlated with the final seed and oil yield and chemical composition which are of economic importance for the adoption of the crop. Thus, the analysis of these traits will help to determine the effect of NS interaction on crop productivity of carinata and napus.

Keywords: brassica oilseed; biomass; NS interaction; carinata; napus; vegetative traits; photosynthesis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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