Assessment of Microalgae Oil as a Carbon-Neutral Transport Fuel: Engine Performance, Energy Balance Changes, and Exhaust Gas Emissions

Mantas Felneris, Laurencas Raslavičius, Saugirdas Pukalskas and Alfredas Rimkus
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Mantas Felneris: Department of Transport Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51424 Kaunas, Lithuania
Laurencas Raslavičius: Department of Transport Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51424 Kaunas, Lithuania
Saugirdas Pukalskas: Department of Automobiles Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania
Alfredas Rimkus: Department of Automobiles Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 14, 1-21

Abstract: Notwithstanding the substantial progress acheved since 2010 in the attempts to realize the potential of microalgae biofuels in the transportation sector, the prospects for commercial production of CO 2 -neutral biofuels are more challenging today than they were in 2010. Pure P. moriformis microalgae oil was subjected to unmodified engine performance testing as a less investigated type of fuel. Conventional diesel was used as a reference fuel to compare and to contrast the energy balances of an engine as well as to juxtapose performance and emission indicators for both unary fuels. According to the methodology applied, the variation of BSFC rates, BTE , smoke opacity, NO x , HC, CO 2 , O 2 , and exhaust gas temperature on three different loads were established during compression ignition (CI) engine operation at EGR Off, 25% EGR, 18% EGR and 9% EGR modes, respectively. Simulation model (AVL Boost/BURN) was employed to assess the in-cylinder process parameters (pressure, pressure rise, temperature, temperature rise, ROHR , and MFB ). Furthermore, the first law energy balances for an engine running on each of the test fuels were built up to provide useful insights about the peculiarities of energy conversion. Not depending on EGR mode applied, the CI engine running on microalgae oil was responsible for slightly higher BTE values, drastically reduced smoke opacity, higher CO 2 values, and smaller O 2 concentration, marginally increased NO x levels and lower total energy losses (in %) if compared to the performance with diesel fuel.

Keywords: microalgae oil; energy balance; renewable fuel; engine performance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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