Seed-Propagated Summer Apples: Great Morphological and Biochemical Diversity

Neva Karatas, Sezai Ercisli, Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk, Ozlem Cakir, Tomas Necas and Ivo Ondrasek
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Neva Karatas: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
Sezai Ercisli: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
Mehmet Ramazan Bozhuyuk: Department of Plant and Animal Production, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Igdir University, Igdir 76100, Turkey
Ozlem Cakir: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayburt University, Bayburt 69000, Turkey
Tomas Necas: Department of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice, Mendel University Brno, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic
Ivo Ondrasek: Department of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice, Mendel University Brno, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-12

Abstract: The northeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is one of the richest plant biodiversity areas in Turkey. This study describes some important tree and fruit characteristics of 20 seed-propagated summer apple genotypes from northeastern Anatolia using morphological and biochemical markers. The genotypes were evaluated morphologically for tree growth habit, ripening date, fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit shape, fruit color, fruit taste, juiciness and aroma. The biochemical characteristics measured were organic acids, SSC (soluble solid content), titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. We found significant differences for most of the morphological and biochemical characteristics. The genotypes exhibited quite diverse harvest dates ranging from 4 July to 16 August. Summer apple genotypes had fruit weight between 101.9 g and 133.5 g. The genotypes had diverse fruit shapes, including round, conic and oblate, and over fruit colours such as pink, red, yellow and green. Genotypes GUM7 and GUM13 stood out for fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic and antioxidant capacity. GUM7 and GUM13 present dissimilarity from the other genotypes. While the first showed a lower average fruit weight, SSC, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, the second revealed higher average of fruit weight, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and higher SSC. Due to their favorable characteristics, GUM13 can be used for further crosses with genotypes of other groups, which also present favorable characteristics.

Keywords: summer apple; content; classification; sensory (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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