Evaluating the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Irrigation Water Components for Water Resources Management Using Geo-Informatics Approach

Muhammad Mohsin Waqas, Muhammad Waseem, Sikandar Ali, Megersa Kebede Leta, Adnan Noor Shah, Usman Khalid Awan, Syed Hamid Hussain Shah, Tao Yang and Sami Ullah
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Muhammad Mohsin Waqas: Water Management and Agricultural Mechanization Research Center, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
Muhammad Waseem: Department of Civil Engineering, Swedish College of Engineering and Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
Sikandar Ali: Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Megersa Kebede Leta: Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Adnan Noor Shah: Water Management and Agricultural Mechanization Research Center, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
Usman Khalid Awan: International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Lahore 35700, Pakistan
Syed Hamid Hussain Shah: Faculty of Science and Technology, Athabasca University, University Drive, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada
Tao Yang: College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
Sami Ullah: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-20

Abstract: Spatio-temporal distribution of irrigation water components was evaluated at the canal command area in Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) by using a remote sensing-based geo-informatics approach. Satellite-derived MODIS product-based Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) was used for the estimation of the actual evapotranspiration (ETa). The ground data-based advection aridity method (AA) was used to calibrate and validate the model. Statistical analysis of the SEBAL based ETa and AA shows the mean values of 87.1 mm and 47.9 mm during Kharif season (May–November) and 100 mm and 77 mm during the Rabi Season (December–April). Mean NSEs of 0.72 and 0.85 and RMSEs 34.9 and 5.76 during the Kharif and the Rabi seasons were observed for ETa and AA, respectively. Rainfall data were calibrated with the point observatory data of the metrological stations. The average annual ETa was found 899 mm for defined four cropping years (2011–2012 to 2014–2015) with the minimum average value of 63.3 mm in January and the maximum average value of 110.6 mm in August. Average of the sum of net canal water use (NCWU) and rainfall during the study period of four years was 548 mm (36% of ETa). Seasonal analysis revealed 39% and 61% of groundwater extraction proportion during Rabi and Kharif seasons, dependent upon the occurrence of rainfall and crop phenology. Overall, the results provide insight into the interrelationships between key water resources management components and the variation of these through time, offering information to improve the strategic planning and management of available water resources in this region.

Keywords: SEBAL; remote sensing; GIS; groundwater irrigation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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