Spatial and Temporal Variations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Surface Water and Groundwater of Mudong River Watershed in Huixian Karst Wetland, Southwest China

Linyan Pan, Junfeng Dai, Zhiqiang Wu, Liangliang Huang, Zupeng Wan, Junlei Han and Zhangnan Li
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Linyan Pan: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Junfeng Dai: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Zhiqiang Wu: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Liangliang Huang: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Zupeng Wan: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Junlei Han: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
Zhangnan Li: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 19, 1-16

Abstract: When considering the factors affecting the spatial and temporal variation of nitrogen and phosphorus in karst watersheds, the unique karst hydrogeology as an internal influencing factor cannot be ignored, as well as natural factors such as meteorological hydrology and external factors such as human activities. A watershed-scale field investigation was completed to statistically analyze spatial and temporal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus through the regular monitoring and collection of surface water and shallow groundwater in the agricultural-dominated Mudong River watershed in the Huixian Karst Wetland over one year (May 2020 to April 2021). Our research found that non-point source pollution of nitrogen (84.5% of 239 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L) was more serious than phosphorus (7.5% of 239 samples TP > 0.2 mg/L) in the study area, and shallow groundwater nitrogen pollution (98.3% of 118 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L) was more serious than surface water (68.6% of 121 samples TN > 1.0 mg/L). In the three regions with different hydrodynamic features, the TN concentration was higher and dominated by NO 3 − -N in the river in the northern recharge area, while the concentrations of TN and TP were the highest in shallow groundwater wells in the central wetland core area and increased along the surface water flow direction in the western discharge area. This research will help improve the knowledge about the influence of karst hydrodynamic features on the spatial patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, paying attention to the quality protection and security of water in karst areas with a fragile water ecological environment.

Keywords: nitrogen; phosphorus; spatial and temporal variation; hydrodynamic features; karst (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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