Comparative Analyses of Glyphosate Alternative Weed Management Strategies on Plant Coverage, Soil and Soil Biota

Lee Hudek, Aydin Enez and Lambert Bräu
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Lee Hudek: Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
Aydin Enez: Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
Lambert Bräu: Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 20, 1-24

Abstract: Glyphosate-based foliar spray herbicides are the most common method for urban weed control due to their broad-spectrum and efficacy for burndown applications. As interest in glyphosate alternatives has increased in recent years, this project assessed the efficacy of the following non-glyphosate-based alternative weed management strategies: glufosinate, imazapyr, MCPA + dicamba, prodiamine, pine oil, clove oil, nonanoic acid, acetic acid + hydrochloric acid and steam against untreated (negative) controls and glyphosate-treated sites. Across all four seasonal treatments (winter, spring, summer and autumn), glyphosate and glufosinate reduced weed coverage (>65% after 4 and 12 weeks); imazapyr reduced weed coverage by >80% after 12 weeks; and steam reduced weed coverage by >80% after 4 weeks, and after 12 weeks showed to reduce weed coverage by >20% after the second application. The MCPA + dicamba, prodiamine, pine oil, clove oil, nonanoic acid and acetic acid + hydrochloric acid treatments had mixed impacts on weed coverage. Minimal alterations to soil physicochemical properties were observed across the two sites for all treatments. Assessment of impacts the different weed management strategies had on arthropod and microbial relative abundance showed minimal alterations; with only steam observed to reduce relative microbial abundance. Glufosinate, imazapyr and steam may be considered alternatives to glyphosate for reducing weed coverage but may not be as effective or have undesirable off-target effects. Overall, glyphosate provided the most consistent weed reduction at both sites over 12 weeks, without any recorded negative off-target or soil biota impacts.

Keywords: weed plant management; herbicide; glyphosate; glufosinate; steam; imazapyr; soil biota; next generation sequencing; arthropods; bacteria; fungi (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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