Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice

Dori Edelist, Dror L. Angel, João Canning-Clode, Sonia K. M. Gueroun, Nicole Aberle, Jamileh Javidpour and Carlos Andrade
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Dori Edelist: Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies and Department of Maritime Civilizations, Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
Dror L. Angel: Recanati Institute for Maritime Studies and Department of Maritime Civilizations, Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
João Canning-Clode: MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), 9020-105 Madeira, Portugal
Sonia K. M. Gueroun: MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), 9020-105 Madeira, Portugal
Nicole Aberle: Department of Biology, Trondhjem Biological Station, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Jamileh Javidpour: Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
Carlos Andrade: Maricultura Centre of Calheta, 9370-133 Madeira, Portugal

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 22, 1-21

Abstract: Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing methods, and applications based on the existing literature. We then focus on future development of a European jellyfish fishery based on current and recent EU research initiatives. Jellyfish have been a staple food in East Asia for eons and now show a potential for non-food applications as well. The main fishing methods are mostly traditional, with set-nets, driftnets, hand-nets, and scoop-nets utilizing small crafts or beach-seines. All require a lot of manual labor, thus providing vital, albeit seasonal, occupation to weaker populations. Larger commercial vessels such as purse seines and trawlers are newly introduced métiers which may enable a larger catch per unit effort and total catch, but pose questions of selectivity, bycatch, vessel stability, and transshipment. Social concerns arising from the seasonality of jellyfish fisheries must be met in SE Asia, Latin America, and in any location where new fisheries are established. In the EU, we recognize at least 15 species showing potential for commercial harvesting, but as of 2021, a commercial fishery has yet to be developed; as in finfish fisheries, we advise caution and recognition of the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems in doing so. Sustainable harvesting techniques and practices must be developed and implemented for a viable practice to emerge, and social and ecological needs must also be incorporated into the management plan. Once established, the catch, effort, and stock status must be monitored, regulated, and properly reported to FAO by countries seeking a viable jellyfish fishery. In the near future, novel applications for jellyfish will offer added value and new markets for this traditional resource.

Keywords: jellyfish; fisheries; jellyfishing; European Union; blue growth (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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