The Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of Sambucus nigra Extracts—A Natural Food Colorant

Mariusz Banach, Barbara Khaidakov, Daria Korewo, Magdalena Węsierska, Wojciech Cyplik, Joanna Kujawa, Lilia M. Ahrné and Wojciech Kujawski
Additional contact information
Mariusz Banach: Greenvit Ltd., 27A Wojska Polskiego Avenue, 18-300 Zambrów, Poland
Barbara Khaidakov: AronPharma Ltd., 3 Trzy Lipy Street, 80-172 Gdańsk, Poland
Daria Korewo: AronPharma Ltd., 3 Trzy Lipy Street, 80-172 Gdańsk, Poland
Magdalena Węsierska: AronPharma Ltd., 3 Trzy Lipy Street, 80-172 Gdańsk, Poland
Wojciech Cyplik: Greenvit Ltd., 27A Wojska Polskiego Avenue, 18-300 Zambrów, Poland
Joanna Kujawa: Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
Lilia M. Ahrné: Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
Wojciech Kujawski: Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarina Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 22, 1-14

Abstract: Elderberry fruits contain valuable components that are beneficial to human health. Owing to the high content of anthocyanins, elderberry extracts can be used as natural food colorants with health-promoting properties. Moreover, the development of new natural food dyes enables the reduction in the use of synthetic ones. Anthocyanins-rich elderberry dry extracts (EDE) were prepared from the same batch of frozen fruits applying water extraction, followed by membrane separation (batch B1) or purification by column chromatography (batch B2) and then spray-dried. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, flavonols, and polyphenols was determined. The extract obtained with the application of column chromatography (B2) contained 33% anthocyanins, which is more than typical market standards, whereas the extract B1 contained 14% anthocyanins. The color properties of both extracts were also determined. Since water was used as an extractant, the extracts are well soluble in water and can therefore be used as a natural food colorant. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts was additionally determined using the MTT test and the tumor cells of the A-549, A-2780, MCF-7, Caco-2 line, and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It was revealed that both EDEs inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, except those of the lung cancers. Extract B2 showed a much stronger cytotoxic effect. Additionally, both extracts stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells since they may have immunostimulatory properties.

Keywords: Sambucus nigra; elderberry; polyphenols; anthocyanins; cytotoxic; extract; food colorant (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12702/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12702/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12702-:d:680837

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().