Optimization of X-ray Tube Voltage to Improve the Precision of Two Phase Flow Meters Used in Petroleum Industry

Abdullah K. Alanazi, Seyed Mehdi Alizadeh, Karina Shamilyevna Nurgalieva, John William Grimaldo Guerrero, Hala M. Abo-Dief, Ehsan Eftekhari-Zadeh, Ehsan Nazemi and Igor M. Narozhnyy
Additional contact information
Abdullah K. Alanazi: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Seyed Mehdi Alizadeh: Petroleum Engineering Department, Australian College of Kuwait, West Mishref 13015, Kuwait
Karina Shamilyevna Nurgalieva: Department of Development and Operation of Oil and Gas Fields, Saint-Petersburg Mining University, 199106 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
John William Grimaldo Guerrero: Department of Energy, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Hala M. Abo-Dief: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Ehsan Eftekhari-Zadeh: Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
Ehsan Nazemi: Imec-Vision Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
Igor M. Narozhnyy: Department of Commercialization of Intellectual Activity Resultse Center for Technology Transfer, Mining Oil and Gas Department, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: To the best knowledge of the authors, in all the former studies, a fixed value of X-ray tube voltage has been used for investigating gas–liquid two-phase flow characteristics, while the energy of emitted X-ray radiations that depends on the tube voltage can significantly affect the measurement precision of the system. The purpose of present study is to find the optimum tube voltage to increase the accuracy and efficiency of an intelligent X-ray radiation-based two-phase flow meter. The detection system consists of an industrial X-ray tube and one detector located on either side of a steel pipe. Tube voltages in the range of 125–300 kV with a step of 25 kV were investigated. For each tube voltage, different gas volume percentages ( GVP s) in the range of 10–90% with a step of 5% were modeled. A feature extraction method was performed on the output signals of the detector in every case, and the obtained matrixes were applied to the designed radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs). The desired output of the networks was GVP . The precision of the networks in every voltage and every number of neurons in the hidden layer were obtained. The results showed that 225 kV tube voltage is the optimum voltage for this purpose. The obtained mean absolute error ( MAE ) for this case is less than 0.05, which demonstrates the very high precision of the metering system with an optimum X-ray tube voltage.

Keywords: tube voltage optimization; artificial intelligence; X-ray; two-phase flow; GVP; sustainable technology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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