Enhanced Optimization of Bioethanol Production from Palm Waste Using the Taguchi Method

Tamer I. M. Ragab, Fahad M. Alminderej, Wael A. El-Sayed, Sayed M. Saleh and Al Shimaa Gamal Shalaby
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Tamer I. M. Ragab: Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
Fahad M. Alminderej: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
Wael A. El-Sayed: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
Sayed M. Saleh: Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
Al Shimaa Gamal Shalaby: Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: In the present study, palm fiber (PF) and palm fronds (PFN) were selected as local agricultural wastes for the extraction of different biopolymers (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) by alkaline sodium hydroxide (PF, 2.37% NaOH at 86.5 °C for 1.6 h; PFN, 6% NaOH at 90 °C for 1 h) and bioethanol production. The processes of extraction were optimized by the experimental design method of Taguchi. The total carbohydrates of PF and PFN obtained were 24.4% and 31.0%, respectively. In addition, the untreated palm fiber (UPF), untreated palm frond (UPFN), cellulose palm fibers (CPF), and cellulose palm fronds (CPFN) were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis processes using crude enzymes and commercial enzymes at 48 °C and pH 5.5. The results indicate that the maximum reducing sugars used were CPF 229.90, CPFN 243.69, UPF 120.19, and UPFN 100.00 (mg/g), which were obtained at a crude enzyme loading. CPF and CPFN hydrolysates were then successfully converted into bioethanol by a separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Anaerobic cultivation of the hydrolysates with S.cerevisiae resulted in 0.222 g/g and 0.213 g/g bioethanol in the case of CPF and CPFN, respectively. Optimization processes could be an innovative approach to the sustainable development of bioethanol production.

Keywords: palm fiber; palm frond; enzymatic hydrolysis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; bioethanol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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