Trace Metal Accumulation in Rice Variety Kainat Irrigated with Canal Water

Zafar Iqbal Khan, Asim Mansha, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Farah Tariq, Kafeel Ahmad, Tasneem Ahmad, Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan, Muyassar H. Abualreesh, Aishah Alatawi and Shafaqat Ali
Additional contact information
Zafar Iqbal Khan: Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
Asim Mansha: Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem: College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Farah Tariq: Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
Kafeel Ahmad: Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
Tasneem Ahmad: Thathi Pak Farm House, Toba Tek Sigh 36070, Pakistan
Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan: Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Muyassar H. Abualreesh: Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdualaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Aishah Alatawi: Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
Shafaqat Ali: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Due to the rapid increase in industrial and urban areas, environmental pollution is increasing worldwide, causing unwanted changes in the air, water, and soil at biological, physical, and chemical levels, ultimately causing negative effects for living things. This work was performed in Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan, and examined and measured heavy metal levels in various plant parts of the rice ( Oryza sativa ) variety Kainat (roots, shoots, and grains) with results been set in relation to the soil around the root area. The samples were taken from five different sites. The mean level of trace metals (mg/kg) in grains was soil-dependent and varied from cadmium (Cd) (2.49–5.52), zinc (Zn) (5.8–10.78), copper (Cu) (4.82–7.85), cobalt (Co) (1.48–6.52), iron (Fe) (8.68–14.73), manganese (Mn) (6.87–13.93), and nickel (Ni) (2.3–8.34). Excluding Cd, the absorption of all metals under inspection was recorded within permissible limits, as recommended by the FAO and WHO. The pollution load index for Cd was highest at all sites. The enrichment coefficient of Co, Cd, and Cu were greater. The bioaccumulation factor at all studied sites was present, in order: Cu ˃ Zn ˃ Fe ˃ Mn ˃ Co ˃ Ni ˃ Cd. The translocation factor was present at five different sites: Mn ˃ Fe ˃ Cu ˃ Zn ˃ Co ˃ Cd ˃ Ni. The health risk index of all inspected metals was lower than 1 and was within safe limits. The higher pollution of Cd suggested maintenance of rice crop is recommended, decreasing health risks in humans.

Keywords: trace metal; health risk; pollution load index; Oryza sativa; bioaccumulation; environmental assessment; Pakistan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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