The Hydration, Mechanical, Autogenous Shrinkage, Durability, and Sustainability Properties of Cement–Limestone–Slag Ternary Composites

Mei-Yu Xuan, Yi Han and Xiao-Yong Wang
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Mei-Yu Xuan: Department of Architectural Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea
Yi Han: Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea
Xiao-Yong Wang: Department of Architectural Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 4, 1-19

Abstract: This study examines the hydration–mechanical–autogenous shrinkage–durability–sustainability properties of ternary composites with limestone filler (LF) and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (BFS). Four mixtures were prepared with a water/binder ratio of 0.3 and different replacement ratios varying from 0 to 45%. Multiple experimental studies were performed at various ages. The experimental results are summarized as follows: (1) As the replacement levels increased, compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage (AS) decreased, and this relationship was linear. (2) As the replacement levels increased, cumulative hydration heat decreased. At the age of 3 and 7 days, there was a linear relationship between compressive strength and cumulative hydration heat. (3) Out of all mixtures, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and electrical resistivity exhibited a rapid increase in the early stages and tended to slow down in the latter stages. There was a crossover of UPV among various specimens. In the later stages, the electrical resistivity of ternary composite specimens was higher than plain specimens. (4) X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that LF and BFS have a synergistic effect. (5) With increasing replacement ratios, the CO 2 emissions per unit strength reduced, indicating the sustainability of ternary composites.

Keywords: autogenous shrinkage; ternary composites; hydration; durability; sustainability; compressive strength (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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