Effects of Salinity and Rootstock on Nutrient Element Concentrations and Physiology in Own-Rooted or Grafted to 1103 P and 101-14 Mgt Rootstocks of Merlot and Cabernet Franc Grapevine Cultivars under Climate Change

Kleopatra-Eleni Nikolaou, Theocharis Chatzistathis, Serafeim Theocharis, Anagnostis Argiriou, Stefanos Koundouras and Elefteria Zioziou
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Kleopatra-Eleni Nikolaou: School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Theocharis Chatzistathis: Hellenic Agricultural Organization (H.A.O.) ‘Demeter’, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
Serafeim Theocharis: School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Anagnostis Argiriou: Institute of Applied Bioscience 6th Km Charilaou–Thermi Road P.O. Box, 60361 Thessaloniki, Greece
Stefanos Koundouras: School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Elefteria Zioziou: School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-19

Abstract: Under the current and future climate crisis, a significant rise in soil salinity will likely affect vine productivity in several Mediterranean regions. During the present research, the rootstock effects on salinity tolerance of Merlot and Cabernet Franc grapevine cultivars were studied. In a pot hydroponic culture, own-rooted Merlot and Cabernet Franc grapevine cultivars or grafted onto the rootstocks 1103 P and 101-14 Mgt were drip-irrigated with saline water. A completely randomized 3 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed with two vine rootstocks or own-rooted vines, two scion cultivars, and 100 mM NaCl salinity or control treatments, with six replications. A significant effect of scion cultivar, rootstock, and salinity was observed for most of the measured parameters. At the end of salinity stress period, leaf, shoot, root, and trunk nutrient concentrations were measured. Salinity stress increased Chloride (Cl) and Sodium (Na) concentrations in all parts of the vines and decreased leaf concentrations of Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Nitrogen (N), and Iron (Fe). In contrast, salinity stress increased leaf Boron (B) concentrations, whereas that of Manganese (Mn) remained unaffected. Leaf chlorophyll concentration decreased from 42% to 40% after thirty and sixty days of salt treatment, respectively. A similar trend was observed for the CCM-200 relative chlorophyll content. Salinity significantly decreased steam water potential (Ws), net CO 2 assimilation rate (A), and stomatal conductance (g s ) in all cases of grafted or own-rooted vines. Sixty days after the beginning of salt treatment, total Phenolics and PSII maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) decreased significantly. The rootstock 1103 P seems to be a better excluder for Na and Cl and more tolerant to salinity compared to 101-14 Mgt rootstock.

Keywords: grapevine; salinity; rootstocks; ion concentration; CO 2 assimilation; stomatal conductance; chlorophyll fluorescence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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