Degradation of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Organic Matter in Urban River Sediments by Adding Microorganisms

Fan Wang, Yangwei Bai, Fang Yang, Qiuheng Zhu, Qianyu Zhao, Xiaojiao Zhang, Yimei Wei and Haiqing Liao
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Fan Wang: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Yangwei Bai: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Fang Yang: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Qiuheng Zhu: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Qianyu Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Xiaojiao Zhang: College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
Yimei Wei: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Haiqing Liao: Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-15

Abstract: Reducing and remediating endogenous sediment pollution in urban rivers using appropriate microbiological remediation technology is regarded as a safe, effective, and environmentally sustainable mechanism. In this study, the pollutant removal efficiency of three microorganism types at different dosages was studied in the laboratory. To optimize the microbial restoration scheme, a comprehensive analysis of their effectiveness in removing total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total organic matter (OM), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was conducted, and associated structural changes in the sediment bacteria were analyzed. The results showed that using nitrifying bacteria and Bacillus as microbial agents resulted in superior removal efficiencies of TN and TP in sediments, whereas yeast was not as effective. The removal rates of TN reached 27.65% and 20.88% when 5 mg nitrifying bacteria and 10 mg Bacillus respectively, were used. A comparative analysis showed that nitrifying bacteria exhibited a better TN removal effect; however, Bacillus exhibited a better TP removal effect. The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed no significant changes to the microbial community structures when optimal microorganisms or beneficial microorganisms that thrive using OM as a source of C and energy were added. This study provides insights into the processes and mechanisms involved in the microorganism degradation of black and odorous sediment, and the results can be used as a basis for developing endogenous pollution control policies and methods for urban rivers.

Keywords: endogenous treatment; microbiological remediation; degradation; high-throughput sequencing; Bacillus (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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