The Effect of Elementary School Soccer Instruction Using Virtual Reality Technologies on Students’ Attitudes toward Physical Education and Flow in Class

Hyun Suk Lee and Junga Lee
Additional contact information
Hyun Suk Lee: Graduate School of Education, Chung Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
Junga Lee: Faculty of Sports Medicine and Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Korea

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 6, 1-17

Abstract: We analyzed the effects of an elementary school soccer class using virtual reality technology on students’ attitudes toward physical education class and the influence on class flow. The data from 113 elementary school students from Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were analyzed. Students were divided into groups that received either virtual reality or traditional classes (e.g., playing on a playground). Data were analyzed with three-way analyses of variance. Results revealed that students who participated in the virtual reality classes had more confidence, concentration, and experienced more flow (specifically, attention to PE class, integration of ability, challenge, and sense of control) than students who participated in the traditional class. This suggests that virtual reality technology positively affected students’ attitudes and flow. In subsequent research, it is necessary to develop and disseminate a variety of virtual reality sports programs and to conduct studies with students from various grade levels.

Keywords: virtual reality; attitude toward class; physical education; flow (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3240/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/6/3240/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:6:p:3240-:d:517504

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().