Characteristics of Models of Farms in the European Union

Hanna Klikocka, Aneta Zakrzewska and Piotr Chojnacki
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Hanna Klikocka: Department of Economics and Agribusiness, University of Life Science in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Aneta Zakrzewska: Department of Economics and Agribusiness, University of Life Science in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Piotr Chojnacki: Department of Economics and Agribusiness, University of Life Science in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 9, 1-19

Abstract: The article describes and sets the definition of different farm models under the categories of being family, small, and large-scale commercial farms. The distinction was based on the structure of the workforce and the relationship between agricultural income and the minimum wage. Family farms were dominated by the farming family providing the labour and their income per capita exceeded the net minimum wage in the country. The larger commercial farms feature a predominance of hired labour. Based on surveys, it was found that in 2016 in the EU-28 there were 10,467,000 farms (EU-13—57.3%, EU-15—42.7%). They carried out agricultural activities on an area of 173,338,000 ha (EU-13—28.5%, EU-15—71.5%). Countries of the EU-28 generated a standard output (SO) amounting to EUR 364,118,827,100 (EU-13—17.2% and EU-15—82.8%). After the delimitation, it was shown that small farming (70.8%) was the predominant form of management in the European Union (EU-13—88.2% and EU-15—79.8%) compared to family farming (18.4%) (EU-13—10.5% and EU-15—29%). In most EU countries the largest share of land resources pertains to small farms (35.6%) and family farms (38.6%) (UAA—utilised agricultural area of farms).

Keywords: the European Union; agriculture; models of farms (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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